Karakterisasi Profil Leukosit Diferensial pada Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru sebagai Data Dasar Profil Imunologis Pasien TB

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates. Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis triggers immune responses that can alter leukocyte distribution, making differential leukocyte counts valuable in assessing patients’ immune status. This study aimed to describe the leukocyte differential count results in pulmonary TB patients at RSUD Pasar Rebo during 2023–2025, analyzed by gender and age. A quantitative secondary data analysis was conducted by grouping leukocyte parameters based on sex and age, then presented in frequency distribution and percentages. The results showed that most patients TB had normal basophil values (99.6%). Eosinophils were almost equally distributed between normal (44.4%) and elevated (44.4%). Neutrophils were predominantly normal (58.7%), while lymphocytes tended to decrease (52%). Monocytes were mostly within the normal range (56.5%), although elevated levels were also frequent (43.5%). By gender, males more often showed elevated eosinophils, decreased lymphocytes, and high monocytes, whereas females more frequently exhibited elevated neutrophils and normal monocytes. In adolescents, all parameters were normal except for monocytes, which were elevated; in adults, lymphocytes were mostly low; and in the elderly, increased eosinophils and decreased lymphocytes were predominant. In conclusion, pulmonary TB patients demonstrated varied leukocyte patterns, particularly decreased lymphocytes and increased eosinophils and monocytes, reflecting immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Keywords: Differential Count, Leukocytes, Pulmonary Tuberculosis