Development of an IoT-Based Pond Water Quality Monitoring and Control System Using Arduino UNO R4 WiFi in Ciseeng Village

Abstract

Water quality is an important factor in supporting the success of catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farming because it affects fish growth and survival. Manual monitoring has limitations in obtaining periodic and well-documented data. This study aimed to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based pond water quality monitoring system using Arduino UNO R4 WiFi in Ciseeng Village. The system monitored three parameters: pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and water temperature, using DFRobot pH and DO sensors and a temperature sensor. The research employed a design and development method with an experimental approach, including system design, hardware and software development, sensor testing, integration, field implementation, data collection, and analysis. Monitoring from September 2 to October 9, 2025, produced 439 measurement records. After excluding five anomalous readings suspected to result from sensor errors, the average values were 6.49 for pH, 6.38 mg/L for DO, and 31.14°C for temperature. Based on operational thresholds of pH 6–9, DO >4 mg/L, and temperature 27–33°C, the parameters met the thresholds by 99.31%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. The results indicate that the system can support periodic pond water quality monitoring for catfish farming.