Optimizing Medication Administration Safety Using The Seven Rights and Patient-Family Verification

Abstract

Medication administration safety is a core element of patient safety. An assessment in the General Inpatient Unit of a hospital in Jakarta found that patient/family verification during medication administration was not documented systematically. This managerial residency quality-improvement project aimed to strengthen medication safety through the seven rights and patient/family verification, supported by education, checklists, supervision, monitoring, and feedback. The project ran from 19 August to 11 September 2026. Problems were prioritized using Urgency, Seriousness, Growth (USG) and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analyses. Knowledge among 20 nurses was assessed using a 15-item pre-test and post-test; workflow implementation and adherence were evaluated through supervision; and the verification form was trialed with six inpatients. Verification received the highest USG score (15). Mean knowledge scores increased from 68.7% to 95.0% (a 26.3-percentage-point increase). Mean workflow implementation was 95.0%, while adherence to the seven rights and verification was 98.5%. Indicators requiring further improvement included incident/near-miss reporting (75%), clarity of instructions (80%), and communication and confirmation (85%). The form was reportedly used with all six patients without recorded refusal or difficulty; medication-administration opportunities were not tabulated separately. These findings indicate preliminary unit-level feasibility, not a demonstrated reduction in medication errors. Further evaluation requires paired individual data, more observations, and longer follow-up.